Page 46 - Spring2008
P. 46

supply more calcium on a per-calorie basis. The opposite is the case. The  production and wild caught fi sh do not contribute
                RDA for calcium can be met for under 700 calories using cheese or milk,  to pesticide residue. Conventionally raised veg-
                but requires 1200 calories for spinach and 5100 calories for lentils. And  etables and grains are loaded with chemicals.
                not even the most dedicated vegetarians could choke down 13 cups of     Vitamin A obtained in adequate amounts
                spinach or 32 cups of lentils (that would be almost doubled once the lentils  from animal foods provides powerful protection
                were cooked) per day (see sidebar, below). Leafy greens present additional  against dioxins like PCBs and DDT.  Vitamin B
                                                                                                             23
                                                                                                                       12

                problems because they contain calcium-binding oxalic acid.      is also protective. Good gut flora prevents their
                     Calcium assimilation requires not only adequate protein but also  absorption. Humans have always had to deal with
                fat-soluble vitamins A, D and K , found only in animal fats. The lacto-  environmental carcinogens—smoke is loaded
                                            2
                ovo vegetarian consuming butter and full fat milk will take in the types of  with them—and heavy metals like mercury,

                nutrients needed to maintain healthy bone mass, but not the vegan.  which occur naturally in fish. We can deal with
                                                                                these challenges when we have adequate amounts
                12. YOU’LL HELP REDUCE FAMINE:                                  of the nutrients supplied by animal foods.
                      It takes 15 pounds of feed to get one pound of meat. But if the grain
                were given directly to people, there’d be enough food to feed the entire  14. YOU’LL PROTECT YOURSELF FROM
                planet. In addition, using land for animal agriculture is inefficient in terms  FOODBORNE ILLNESSES:

                of maximizing food production. According to the journal Soil and Water,     According to the Center for Science in the
                one acre of land could produce 50,000 pounds of tomatoes, 40,000 pounds  Public Interest, which has stringent food stan-
                of potatoes, 30,000 pounds of carrots or just 250 pounds of beef.   dards, 25 per cent of all chicken sold in the United
                     No land anywhere in the world will produce 50,000 pounds of toma-  States carries salmonella bacteria and, the CDC
                toes, 40,000 pounds of potatoes or 30,000 pounds of carrots per acre year  estimates, 70 percent to 90 percent of chickens
                after year after year unless bolstered with fertilizer. Such land rotated with  contain the bacteria campylobacter (some strains
                animal grazing will be fertilized naturally; without the manure and urine of  of which are antibiotic-resistant), approximately
                animals, synthetics must be applied—synthetics that require large amounts  5 percent of cows carry the lethal strain of E. coli
                of energy to produce and leave problematic pollutants, such as fl uoride  O157:H7 (which causes virulent diseases and
                compounds, as a by-product. And much of the world’s land—mountainous,  death), and 30 percent of pigs slaughtered each
                hillside, arid and marginal areas—is incapable of producing harvestable  year for food are infected with toxoplasmosis
                crops even with a large fertilizer input. But this land will support animal  (caused by parasites).
                life very well. Eliminating the animals on this land in order to produce     The most common source of food-borne
                vegetable crops will indeed create famine for the people who live there.   illness by a long shot is fruits and vegetables. 24
                                                                                Problems with animal foods stem from factory
                13. YOU’LL AVOID TOXIC CHEMICALS:                               farming practices. Milk, meat and eggs raised
                     The EPA estimates that nearly 95 per cent of pesticide residue in  naturally do not present problems of food-borne
                our diet comes from meat, fish and dairy products. Fish, in particular,  illness.

                contain carcinogens (PCBs, DDT) and heavy metals (mercury, arsenic;
                lead, cadmium) that cannot be removed through cooking or freezing. Meat  15. YOU MAY GET RID OF YOUR
                and dairy products are also laced with steroids and hormones.   BACK PROBLEMS:
                     Pesticides and heavy metals are found in animal foods only because     Back pain appears to begin, not in the back,
                they are applied to plant foods that feed the animals. Pasture-based livestock  but in the arteries. The degeneration of discs, for
                                                                                instance, which leads to nerves being pinched,

                                              CALCIUM IN DAIRY PRODUCTS AND PLANT FOODS     22

                                      Calories      Calcium in mg  Calcium/Calorie      Amnt needed for
                                      per 100 grams  per 100 grams        Ratio         RDA (1200 mg)

                    Cheddar cheese           402           718            1.8      170 grams (about 6 ounces) = 680 K
                    Whole milk                 66          117            1.7    1000 grams (about 4 cups) = 660 K
                    Spinach                    91            93           1.02   1300 grams (about 13 cups) = 1200 K
                    Lentils                  106             25           0.23   4800 grams (about 32 cups) = 5100 K


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